Prince
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  • Reference Guide

Contents

  • 1. Getting Started
    • Installing Prince
      • Installing Prince on Windows
      • Installing Prince on MacOS X
      • Installing Prince on Linux
        • Debian and Ubuntu
        • Redhat and CentOS
        • OpenSUSE
        • FreeBSD, Solaris and Generic Linux
      • Installing a license file
      • Installation Layout
        • Windows installation layout
        • MacOS X installation layout
        • Linux installation layout
    • Your First Document
      • The lab report
      • Processing the document
      • Styling the document
  • 2. Styling
    • Fonts
      • Defining a font family
      • Generic font families
      • OpenType Features in Prince
      • Redefining the generic font families
    • Layout
      • Text formatting
      • Paragraph formatting
      • Writing Mode
      • CSS Box Model
        • Margin
        • Padding
        • Border
        • Background
      • Tables
        • Automatic table layout
        • Fixed table layout
        • Separated table borders
        • Collapsing table borders
        • Cells that span columns
        • Cells that span rows
        • Numbering table rows
        • Running table headers and footers
        • Table captions
      • Lists
        • List marker position
        • List marker type
        • List marker style
      • Columns
      • Floats
        • Prince extensions to floats
      • Footnotes
        • Footnote calls
        • Footnote markers
        • Styling footnotes
    • Paged Media
      • Page size
      • Page style
      • Trimming marks
      • Page regions
        • Generated content in page regions
      • Selecting pages
        • Blank pages
      • Controlling pagination
        • Page breaks
        • Widows and orphans
  • 3. Scripting
    • JavaScript in Printed Media
    • Logging
    • Console access
    • Event handling
    • Document statistics
    • PDF properties
    • Unsupported DOM properties
  • 4. Graphics
    • Color
      • RGB
      • RGBA
      • CMYK
      • Spot colors
    • Color Management
      • Introduction
      • Color Management and PDF Profiles
      • Color Management in Prince
      • Color conversion
      • Rich black and true black
      • Page color space
    • Filters
    • Images
      • Images in XHTML
      • Images in DocBook
      • Images in Arbitrary XML
      • CSS and Images
        • Image Size in Print
    • Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG)
      • Viewbox and viewport
      • Rectangles
      • Circles
      • Ellipses
      • Lines
      • Masks
      • Polylines
      • Polygons
      • Paths
      • Text
      • Images
      • Links
      • Transformations
      • Style Properties
    • Rasterization
  • 5. Prince Tips and Tricks
    • Generated Content
      • Page headers and footers
      • List markers
      • Footnote markers
      • Before and After pseudo-elements
      • Counters and Numbering
        • Counter reset and increment
        • Nested counters
        • Counter styles
      • Cross-references
        • Using target-counter
        • Using target-content
      • Script Functions
        • Accessing the current date and time
        • User-defined counter styles
      • Using generated content in page regions
      • Copying text content from the document
      • Taking elements from the document
    • Advanced paged media examples
      • Named pages
      • Page groups
      • Page breaks and decoration
      • Printing wide content sideways
    • Hyphenation
    • Typographic Ligatures
    • Watermarks
    • Rotating content in table cells
    • The "Two-Pass" Solution
  • 6. Help
    • Troubleshooting
      • Missing glyphs or fonts
      • Fontconfig
      • Image formats
      • Shared library trouble
      • PATH issues
      • The capture/replay system
      • Running the debug script
    • Frequently Asked Questions
  • 7. Prince Input
    • Applying Style Sheets in Prince
      • Importing Style Sheets
      • Conflicting Declarations
      • Priority Determination
    • Applying JavaScript in Prince
    • XML Input
      • XML Input
        • Validation
        • xml:lang
        • xml:id
        • xml:base
      • XML Styling
      • XML Inclusions (XInclude)
        • Including XML files
        • Including text files
        • Fallback
  • 8. Prince Output
    • PDF Profiles
      • PDF/A
      • PDF/X
    • PDF Output Options
      • PDF Links
      • PDF Actions
      • PDF Pages
      • PDF Printing
      • PDF Compression
      • Font Embedding
      • Creating PostScript output
    • PDF Bookmarks
      • Bookmark levels
      • Bookmark labels
      • Bookmark targets
    • PDF Metadata
      • XMP Metadata
  • 9. Server Integration
    • Security and performance
    • Prince Wrappers
      • Third-Party Wrappers
      • Using Prince from Java
      • Using Prince from .NET with C#
      • Using Prince from .NET with VB.NET
      • Using Prince from Python
      • Using Prince from Perl
      • Using Prince from PHP
      • Using Prince from ASP
      • Using Prince from ColdFusion
      • Using Java
      • Using ActiveX/COM
      • Using Prince from ActiveX / COM / Visual Basic
    • Advanced Command Line Options
      • Prince Control Protocol
      • Structured Log

Reference Guide

  • A1. Command-line Reference
    • Examples
    • Specifying input and output
    • Options
      • General Options
      • Logging Options
      • Input Options
      • Network Options
      • JavaScript Options
      • CSS Options
      • PDF Output Options
      • PDF Metadata Options
      • PDF Encryption Options
      • Raster Output Options
      • Utility Options
      • Advanced Control and Log Options
  • A2. CSS References
    • CSS Features
    • Length Units
      • Absolute Length Units
      • Font Length Units
      • Pixel Unit
  • A3. CSS Properties
    • alternate-color
    • background
    • background-attachment
    • background-clip
    • background-color
    • background-image
    • background-origin
    • background-position
    • background-repeat
    • background-size
    • baseline-shift
    • border
    • border-bottom
    • border-bottom-color
    • border-bottom-left-radius
    • border-bottom-right-radius
    • border-bottom-style
    • border-bottom-width
    • border-clip
    • border-collapse
    • border-color
    • border-left
    • border-left-color
    • border-left-style
    • border-left-width
    • border-radius
    • border-right
    • border-right-color
    • border-right-style
    • border-right-width
    • border-spacing
    • border-style
    • border-top
    • border-top-color
    • border-top-left-radius
    • border-top-right-radius
    • border-top-style
    • border-top-width
    • border-width
    • bottom
    • box-decoration-break
    • box-sizing
    • caption-side
    • clear
    • clip
    • clip-path
    • clip-rule
    • color
    • column-break-after
    • column-break-before
    • column-count
    • column-fill
    • column-gap
    • column-rule
    • column-rule-color
    • column-rule-style
    • column-rule-width
    • column-span
    • column-width
    • columns
    • content
    • counter-increment
    • counter-reset
    • direction
    • display
    • dominant-baseline
    • empty-cells
    • fill
    • fill-opacity
    • fill-rule
    • filter
    • float
    • font
    • font-family
    • font-size
    • font-stretch
    • font-style
    • font-variant
    • font-weight
    • footnote-display
    • footnote-style-position
    • height
    • hyphens
    • left
    • letter-spacing
    • line-height
    • line-stacking-strategy
    • list-style
    • list-style-image
    • list-style-position
    • list-style-type
    • margin
    • margin-bottom
    • margin-inside
    • margin-left
    • margin-outside
    • margin-right
    • margin-top
    • marker-end
    • marker-mid
    • marker-start
    • marks
    • mask
    • max-height
    • max-width
    • min-height
    • min-width
    • opacity
    • orphans
    • overflow
    • overflow-wrap
    • padding
    • padding-bottom
    • padding-left
    • padding-right
    • padding-top
    • page
    • page-break-after
    • page-break-before
    • page-break-inside
    • position
    • prince-background-image-resolution
    • prince-bleed
    • prince-bookmark-label
    • prince-bookmark-level
    • prince-bookmark-state
    • prince-bookmark-target
    • prince-caption-page
    • prince-fallback-cmyk-profile
    • prince-filter-resolution
    • prince-flow
    • prince-footnote-policy
    • prince-forced-breaks
    • prince-hyphenate-after
    • prince-hyphenate-before
    • prince-hyphenate-character
    • prince-hyphenate-lines
    • prince-hyphenate-patterns
    • prince-image-magic
    • prince-image-resolution
    • prince-linebreak-magic
    • prince-link
    • prince-mark-length
    • prince-mark-offset
    • prince-mark-width
    • prince-page-group
    • prince-pdf-color-conversion
    • prince-pdf-color-options
    • prince-pdf-destination
    • prince-pdf-duplex
    • prince-pdf-link-type
    • prince-pdf-open-action
    • prince-pdf-output-intent
    • prince-pdf-page-colorspace
    • prince-pdf-page-label
    • prince-pdf-page-layout
    • prince-pdf-page-mode
    • prince-pdf-paper-tray
    • prince-pdf-print-scaling
    • prince-pdf-profile
    • prince-pdf-script
    • prince-pdf-xmp
    • prince-rotate-body
    • prince-shrink-to-fit
    • prince-text-justify
    • prince-text-replace
    • prince-tooltip
    • prince-trim
    • prince-wrap-inside
    • right
    • size
    • src
    • stop-color
    • stop-opacity
    • string-set
    • stroke
    • stroke-dasharray
    • stroke-dashoffset
    • stroke-linecap
    • stroke-linejoin
    • stroke-miterlimit
    • stroke-opacity
    • stroke-width
    • table-baseline
    • table-column-span
    • table-layout
    • table-row-span
    • text-align
    • text-align-last
    • text-anchor
    • text-decoration
    • text-indent
    • text-line-through
    • text-line-through-color
    • text-line-through-style
    • text-overflow
    • text-overline
    • text-overline-color
    • text-overline-style
    • text-transform
    • text-underline
    • text-underline-color
    • text-underline-style
    • top
    • transform
    • transform-origin
    • unicode-bidi
    • unicode-range
    • vertical-align
    • visibility
    • white-space
    • widows
    • width
    • word-break
    • word-spacing
    • writing-mode
    • z-index
  • A4. CSS Selectors
    • Terminology and Definitions
    • Logical Combinations
    • Elemental Selectors
    • Attribute Selectors
    • Linguistic Pseudo-classes
    • Location Pseudo-classes
    • Tree-Structural pseudo-classes
    • Combinators
    • Tree-Abiding Pseudo-element Selectors
    • Typographic Pseudo-element Selectors
    • Footnote Pseudo-element Selectors
    • Page Selectors
  • A5. CSS Media Queries
    • Media Queries
    • Media Query Modifiers
    • Media Types
    • Media Features
    • Dimension Media Features
    • Display Quality Media Features
    • Color Media Features
    • Interaction Media Features
    • Scripting Media Features
  • A6. CSS Functional Expressions
    • CSS Functions
    • Prince Specific Functions
  • A7. CSS At-rules
    • Initial At-Rules
    • Nested At-Rules
  • A8. Page Size Keywords
  • A9. Character Entities
    • Accented Letters
    • Symbols
    • Quotes
    • Accents
    • Miscellaneous
  • A10. Acknowledgements

Hyphenation

The property hyphens controls whether hyphenation is allowed to create opportunities to wrap within a line of text: the value none instructs never to hyphenate, while manual tells Prince to only hyphenate when there are characters inside the word that explicitly suggest hyphenation opportunities, such as e.g. "soft hyphens" (represented either by the Unicode character U+00AD or the HTML entity ­). With the value auto, words may be broken at appropriate hyphenation points as determined automatically by the language-appropriate hyphenation resources, or by hyphenation characters in a word. The default value is manual - to enable automatic hyphenation in a body of text, the value auto has to be declared.

The character shown at the end of a line when the word is hyphenated can be specified with the prince-hyphenate-character property.

Fine-tuning of hyphenation can be done with the prince-hyphenate-after and prince-hyphenate-before properties to determine the minimum number of letters in a word that may be moved to the next line or that may be left at the end of a line when the word is hyphenated.

The prince-hyphenate-lines property is used to determine the maximum number of consecutive lines that may end with a hyphenated word.

Prince uses the hyphenation patterns from the CTAN archive - the full archive is accessible here. The default hyphenation patterns can be found in the installed hyph.css file, located in the default style sheets location (see Installation Layout).

Hyphenation patterns for the following languages are provided:

da Danish
de German
en-US English
es Spanish
fi Finnish
fr French
is Icelandic
it Italian
lt Lithuanian
pl Polish
pt Portuguese
ru Russian
sl Slovenian
sv Swedish

A special case is Thai hyphenation, supported thanks to the LibThai package.

To add hyphenation patterns for other languages, download them from the CTAN archive. Save the files for the chosen language without the .txt extension, and link to the pattern file (with the .pat extension) with the prince-hyphenate-patterns CSS property. Prince determines which language to use for hyphenation with the help of the :lang() CSS selector, which in turn checks the lang or xml:lang attributes of the document:

:lang(en-GB) {
    prince-hyphenate-patterns: url("hyph-en-gb.pat");
}
<span lang="en-GB">supercalifragilisticexpialidocious</span>
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